Description
PUBLICATION DETAILS: Above bottom neat line: Entered according to act of Congress in the year 1861 by J. T. Lloyd … New York. 29 ½”h x 47”w. Under the title in the upper left hand corner of this map is the imprint: “Published by Wynkoop & Hallenbeck, No. 113 Fulton Street, New York”, not Lloyd who had published all seven of the previous versions. Lloyd must not have been available to publish the map; apparently Wynkoop & Hallenbeck obtained the right to use the old plate. The words: “Corrected and revised to 1862 by J. T. Lloyd from Surveys made by W. Angelo Powell, of the U.S. Topographical Engineers.” are retained, as is Lloyd’s name as the first word in the title. However, reference to McClellan is omitted, probably because the war was over and McClellan had been disgraced. It appears that the only changes in the title area are the publication imprint and reference to McClellan. No copies of the Wynkoop & Hallenbeck edition were found without the railroad overprint.
DESCRIPTION: This map is essentially a copy of the four-sheet Böÿe/Buchholtz map of 1859. The names of several railroads are overprinted in red with the letters appearing to have been stenciled. The text at the left is titled: “Virginia. The Physical and Climate Differences of the Three Grand divisions of the State....” The text at the lower right is titled: “Steamboat Routes” and “Altitudes of Mountains, &c., in Virginia, above the Tide water.”
LYNCHBURG EDITION. This map, although dated 1862, was issued as part of an 1872 pamphlet promoting British immigration to Lynchburg, Virginia. Railroads are overprinted in red and identified by initials in red. Also, Lynchburg is overprinted with a large red star. The graphic effect implies Lynchburg is the transportation hub of Virginia. This map is sometimes called the “Lynchburg” edition. In the early 1880s, Lynchburg was the preferred site for the Norfolk & Western junction with the Shenandoah Valley Railroad. However, the citizens of Lynchburg did not want the junction due to the noise and pollution it would create. Therefore, it was located in what would become the City of Roanoke. So much for the British effort (population 0f Lync burg is about 89,000; Roanoke about 315,000).Below the star designating Lynchburg are the letters “L&D RR” and a red line from Lynchburg to Danville. This railroad was not built until after the war so is not shown on the printed 1862 map having the red overprint. This is a clue that the map itself was notupdated for this 1872 issue.
POWELL: W. Angelo Powell, who provided material to update this map for the 1862 issues, had been formally trained in architecture and civil engineering. He took part in planning a segment of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. He served on the staff of Robert Mills, the chief Federal architect. Mills and Powell worked together from 1847 to 1853, during which time the firm prepared designs for the Washington Monument, the Treasury Building, and expansion of the U.S. Capitol. Early in 1861 Generals McClellan and Rosecrans reportedly prevailed upon Powell to accompany Rosecrans into Western Virginia as a civilian engineer. As a civilian in late 1861 he was still on the staff of General Rosecrans, by then commander of the Department of Western Virginia. In February or March 1862 Powell finally received his Captaincy. As the Engineer of the 2nd division of the 8th Army Corps, he planned and built the fortifications at Winchester, Virginia in 1863 and at other points. An 1881 biography indicates he was in twenty four engagements, was slightly wounded once, had his horse shot from under him, and was twice captured. He retired as a Colonel.
CONDITION: Thin paper. Holes in outer corners of margins. Fold lines. Overall uniform toning. Two spots in the notes at the left. Faint spots near the title. Good condition. Original color.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Swem, Earl Gregg. Maps Relating to Virginia, 952 (variant).
Stephenson, Richard W. Civil War Maps: an annotated list of maps and atlases in the Library of Congress. A variant of Stephenson 465, having different text notes as described earlier.
TV059
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